A prophylactic or therapeutic composition for hemoglobinuria or myoglobinuria which may occur in humans or animals upon loading of exercise or stress or the like is provided. According to the present invention, the prophylactic or therapeutic composition for hemoglobinuria or myoglobinuria which comprises a branched-chain amino acid such as valine, leucine or isoleucine or a salt thereof, a basic amino acid such as ornithine, arginine, lysine, histidine or citrulline or a salt thereof and glutamine or a salt thereof as active ingredients can be provided.