Techniques for monitoring radio frequency (RF) activity in a frequency band where licensed spectrum service is occurring. One or more monitoring devices are deployed at one or more locations in the coverage area of a licensed spectrum service provider. For example, the monitoring device may be integrated into a base station of a licensed spectrum service provider. Each monitoring device receives RF energy and detects whether the radio frequency energy contains activity not associated with the licensed spectrum service provider and whether there is a violation of a secondary usage policy.