The present invention relates to a pseudoceramide represented by the following formula (I) and a cosmetic composition comprising the same: ##STR00001## wherein Z represents --OH and Y represents --OH, ##STR00002## with the proviso that X is ##STR00003## Z represents --OH and X represents --OH, ##STR00004## with the proviso that Y is ##STR00005## Y represents --OH and X represents --OH, ##STR00006## with the proviso that Z is ##STR00007## R represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group; and when substituted, R has one or more --OH groups.