A viscoelastic gelled oil, for example gelled diesel or paraffin oil, is
made with a gelling agent, for example a phosphate ester, a metal
carboxylate, for example an aluminum carboxylate, and a gel-enhancing
surfactant, for example a zwitterionic surfactant, for example
erucylamidopropyl betaine. The gel-enhancing surfactant makes the gel
viscoelastic, increases the stability and decreases the sensitivity to
the concentrations of the gelling agent and the metal carboxylate. The
enhanced viscoelastic gelled oils are used, as examples, in hydraulic
fracturing, frac packing, gravel packing, diversion, fluid loss control,
lost circulation control, sand control, wellbore cleanout, wellbore or
pipeline sweeping, organic scale dissolution, organic scale removal, and
drilling.