A surface-emitting type semiconductor laser includes a substrate; a first mirror disposed above the substrate; an active layer disposed above the first mirror; a second mirror disposed above the active layer; a first columnar section including the active layer, the first columnar section not having anisotropy; a first dielectric layer disposed in the first columnar section, the first dielectric layer including a symmetric opening section; a second columnar section disposed above the first columnar section, the second columnar section having an outer wall that has anisotropy; and a second dielectric layer disposed in the second columnar section, the second dielectric layer including an asymmetric opening section.