A method of and apparatus for efficient encoding and decoding by
reconstructing an icosahedron panorama image are provided. The method
includes: dividing patches forming a top part and a bottom part,
respectively, in development figure of an icosahedron panorama image,
from patches forming a middle part; reconstructing the divided patches on
a 2-dimensional plane so that patches having a high correlation are
placed adjacent to each other; and encoding the reconstructed patches.