A system and method are provided for forming a connective tissue
construct, such as a tendon construct, in vitro. A substrate is provided
with at least two anchors secured thereto in spaced relationship.
Fibroblast cells are provided on the substrate in the absence of a
synthetic matrix, where at least some of the cells are in contact with
the anchors. The cells are cultured in vitro under conditions to allow
the cells to self-organize and become confluent between the anchors,
where the anchors are receptive to the cells and allow the cells to
attach thereto while permitting the cells to detach from the substrate to
form a three-dimensional connective tissue construct.