The present invention provides a rubber composition, in which reversion when vulcanizing at a high temperature is inhibited without losing rubber properties and which is obtained by efficiently crosslinking with sulfur, and a pneumatic tire using the rubber composition. Specifically, the present invention relates to a rubber composition comprises a rubber component containing diene rubber and fluorinated graphite and a pneumatic tire using the rubber composition. The rubber composition preferably contains 0.1 to 50 parts by weight of fluorinated graphite based on 100 parts by weight of the rubber component containing diene rubber.