Disclosed herein are carbonyl compounds of having the structural formula:
##STR00001## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, amide, ester, or
prodrug thereof, Methods and compositions are disclosed for treating
disease states including, but not limited to cancers, autoimmune
diseases, tissue damage, central nervous system disorders,
neurodegenerative disorders, fibrosis, bone disorders,
polyglutamine-repeat disorders, anemias, thalassemias, inflammatory
conditions, cardiovascular conditions, and disorders in which
angiogenesis play a role in pathogenesis, using the compounds of the
invention. In addition, methods of modulating the activity of histone
deacetylase (HDAC) are also disclosed.