An improved ultra-low power NVM module, which exhibits low power
consumption and reduced layout area. An array of compact flash memory
cells are programmed and erased in response to positive and negative
boosted voltages. However, the compact flash memory cells are read using
conventional supply voltages, thereby minimizing power consumption during
a read operation. The ultra-low power NVM module of the present invention
can be fabricated using conventional VLSI process steps. The ultra-low
power NVM module of the present invention also allows simple operation in
all modes (i.e., program, erase, read and standby).