The invention relates to a system for in-situ control of the orientation of a vehicle headlamp equipped with a light source fixed on a mobile reflector, and including a camera mounted in the vehicle, an image processing unit connected to the camera, and a specific light point emission device. It also relates to a process for in-situ control of the orientation of a vehicle headlamp, wherein it includes the following operations: recording of successive images of a scene extending in front of the vehicle, processing of at least one image of the scene and production of a processed image, determination, from this processed image, of a horizon line of the scene, determination of a specific point in the scene located at a pre-defined distance D from the horizon line, adjustment of the headlamp until this specific point is located in the light beam emitted by the headlamp.