An optical fiber array includes an alignment substrate, a plurality of ferrules, and a plurality of optical fibers. The alignment substrate has a plurality of guide holes which are two-dimensionally arrayed and extend through the substrate. The ferrules are respectively inserted into the guide holes in the same direction and have through holes in the central portions. The optical fibers are fitted and held in the respective through holes. The guide hole is formed into a cylindrical shape having a diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the ferrule. The light incident/exit end face of the optical fiber is exposed on one end face of the ferrule.