The invention relates to a polypeptide characterized in that it contains at least one peptide sequence carrying one or several epitopes characteristic of a protein produced at the sporozoite stage and in the hepatocytes infected by P. falciparum, this sequence comprising a sequence of from 10 amino acids to the maximal number of amino acids of the following peptide chain sequence: Glu-Phe-Arg-Val-Ser-Thr-Ser-Asp-Thr-Pro-Gly-Gly-Asn-Glu-Ser-Ser-Ser-Ala-Phe -Pro-Gln-Phe-Ile-Trp-Ser-Ala-Glu-Lys-Lys-Asp-Glu-Lys-Glu-Ala-Ser-Glu-Gln-Gl y-Glu-Glu-Ser-His-Lys-Lys-Glu-Asn-Ser-Gln-Glu-Ser-Ala-Asn-Gly-Lys-Asp-Asp-V al-Lys-Glu-Glu-Lys-Lys-Thr-Asn-Glu-Lys-Lys-Asp-Asp-Gly-Lys-Thr-Asp-Lys-Val- Gln-Glu-Lys-Val-Leu-Glu-Lys-Ser-Pro-Lys-Glu-Phe. It also relates to the use of these polypeptides, as well as the nucleotide sequences coding for these polypeptides, in methods of in vitro diagnosis of malaria on a biological sample derived from the individual in whom the disease is to be detected.