The present invention provides methods for initiating, capturing, maintaining
and multiplying embryogenic cultures of coniferous plants. Methods include the
use of novel media compositions containing Vitamin B12, Vitamin E, or
organic acids including -ketoglutaric acid, pyruvic acid, or p-aminobenzoic
acid to improve the frequency of embryogenic tissue initiation, capture, maintenance
and multiplication. The methods are well suited for initiating embryogenic cultures
in recalcitrant conifer varieties. The method is also well suited for producing
somatic embryos that can be further cultured to produce large numbers of plants.
Further, the invention provides novel methods that may be used to enhance somatic
embryogenesis in a broad range of species.
