A method is provided for characterizing a scientific material, such as a silicate material, a polymer material and/or nanomaterial. The method can include the steps of irradiating a measuring light of a predetermined wavelength range into material specimens, recording the measuring light reflected and/or reemitted by the material specimens, determining a ratio depending on the wave lengths of irradiated to detected measuring light (spectrum), and numerical-mathematical processing of spectral data of single material specimens for determining the characteristic features of the material specimens.