The present invention provides compositions, methods, and kits comprising PUFAs produced by microalgae, in particular omega-3 and/or omega-6 fatty acids produced by members of the genus Rhodomonas, in particular Rhodomonas salina. The invention also provides compositions, methods, and kits comprising the PUFAs for the prophylactic and/or therapeutic treatment of a disease or condition, in particular a cardiovascular and/or inflammatory disease or condition.