Of the many methods and compositions provided herein, one method comprises providing a cement composition that comprises a cementitious component and an additive comprising: a polymer, a phosphorus component, a polyvalent metal ion, an oil-based liquid, and a surfactant; introducing the cement composition into at least a portion of a subterranean formation; and allowing the cement composition to at least partially set therein. Another method provided herein comprises providing a cement composition that comprises a cementitious component and an additive comprising a polymer, a phosphorus component, a polyvalent metal ion, an oil-based liquid, and a surfactant; introducing the cement composition into a void located in a pipe string; and allowing the cement composition to at least partially set therein. A cement composition provided herein comprises a cementitious component and an additive comprising a polymer; a phosphorus component; a polyvalent metal ion; and an oil-based liquid; and a surfactant.