A dental composition compatible with acidic dental primers/adhesives, the dental composition comprising (A) 5% (w/w) to 90% (w/w) of at least one polymerizable monomer having at least one ethylenically unsaturated vinyl, acrylate, or methacrylate group; (B) 0.01% (w/w) to 10% (w/w) of at least one compound of structure ##STR00001## where each of R1, R2, and R3 may be the same or different and is independently selected from H, alkyl, alkoxyl, aryl, acyl, allyl, pyridyl, --OH, alkenyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, and heterocyclic structure containing O, S, or N; (C) 0.01% (w/w) to 10% (w/w) of at least one hydroperoxide compound with at least one hydroperoxide groups attached to a tertiary carbon; (D) 5% (w/w) to 95% (w/w) of at least one finely divided filler; (E) 0% (w/w) to 25% (w/w) of one or more components selected from a solvent, a photoinitiator, a stabilizer, and/or an antimicrobial agent. One embodiment of the invention is a dental cementation or core buildup kit that has enhanced compatibility between the acidic primer/adhesive and the cement or core buildup material, and therefore enhanced adhesion to a tooth. The kit includes (I) an acidic primer/adhesive composition having a pH less than 4.5; and (II) a cement or core buildup material having the above described composition comprising components (A)-(E). Another embodiment of the invention is a method for adhering a prosthetic device to a tooth to restore the function and/or appearance of a diseased tooth. Another embodiment of the invention is a method of providing a temporary cement, crown and/or bridge, inlay, onlay, endodontic sealer, and/or an endodontic filling material, using the inventive composition.