A system for simulating a characteristic of a light-emitting device includes a transport calculating module for calculating a concentration of carriers in the light-emitting device. The system includes an optical calculating module for calculating data sets including a total emission power factor of excitons set and a light extraction efficiency data. A diffusion calculating module uses the exciton formation rate and the total emission power factor to calculate a concentration of excitons and a total deactivation rate of the excitons. A device characteristics calculating module uses the light extraction efficiency data set and a radiative deactivation rate calculated from the total deactivation rate to calculate a device characteristic of the light-emitting device.