Provided herein is the use of GLP-1 molecules or agonists and analogs thereof, and the use of exendin molecules or agonists and analogs thereof, including their derivatives and active fragments, for the prevention or treatment of congestive heart failure. Pharmaceutical compositions for use in the methods described herein are also disclosed. Further provided are compositions and methods for the treatment and/or prevention of diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and obesity, and for the reduction of food intake and suppression of appetite of subjects.