To provide a method for efficiently producing a fluoropolymer by an aqueous emulsion polymerization in which a fluorocarboxylic acid compound is used. A method for producing a fluoropolymer, which comprises polymerizing a fluoromonomer by emulsion polymerization in the presence of a polymerization catalyst in an aqueous medium containing a fluorocarboxylic acid, wherein the aqueous medium in the polymerization has a pH of at most 4.