Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the 2S,4R ketoconazole enantiomer
or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, and solvates are
useful to increase cardiolipin synthesis and for the treatment of Barth
Syndrome, diabetic myopathy, cardiomyopathy associated with aging,
mitochondrial disease, and other conditions and disorders where
cardiolipin deficiency plays a causative or symptomatic role.