An electromagnetic engine comprises an electromagnet having opposing magnetic poles at ends thereof. A non-magnetic rigid support is mounted for oscillatory stroke movement relative to the electromagnet. A crankshaft is coupled to the support; a sensor is coupled to the crankshaft and outputs a crankshaft position signal. First and second permanent magnets are affixed to the support on either side of the electromagnet and are oriented so as to present the same magnetic pole to each respective end of the electromagnet. The permanent magnets are spaced from one another by a distance approximately equal to the distance between the first and second ends of the electromagnet plus the stroke movement of the support. A timing circuit is operative to switch the electromagnet between first and second energized states in response to the crankshaft position signal. Also disclosed is an electromagnetic engine in which a piston moves along guide rails.