An optical transmission unit of an optical reception and transmission module holds a first end portion of the optical waveguide film on the first holding member so that light emitted from the light emitting device is coupled to an incident end surface of the optical waveguide. An optical reception unit holds a second end portion of the optical waveguide film on the second holding member so that light emitted from an emitting end surface of the optical waveguide is received by the light receiving device. At least the optical waveguide film is covered with flame-retardant resin having flame retardancy of HB or higher according to a UL-94 test and a minimum bending radius of the optical waveguide film covered with the flame-retardant resin and having a flame-retardant resin layer formed on its surface is from 1 mm to 3 mm.