The present invention is related to compositions and methods for producing a lithium battery with enhanced performance. In particular, the present invention is directed to increasing the solubility of a carboxymethyl cellulose-based binder in water. When the solubility of the carboxymethyl cellulose-based binder is improved, the electrode manufacturing process may be stabilized, and the dispersibility and adhesive force of the electrode may also be improved. As a result, a lithium battery with excellent characteristics may be manufactured. Additionally, the present invention is also directed to an environmentally-friendly manufacturing process for fabricating an anode whereby water is used as the slurry medium, and a lithium battery containing the anode.