The present invention relates to a write controller for a memory with a
plurality of non-volatile storage cells, a read controller for a memory
with a plurality of nonvolatile storage cells, to a combined write/read
controller, to a solid state device comprising a memory with a plurality
of non-volatile storage cells, a programmer device for writing a binary
code to a non-volatile memory, to a method for writing data comprising at
least one input bit to a memory having non-volatile storage cells, and to
a method for controlling the integrity of data comprising at least one
input bit stored in non-volatile storage cells of a memory. The basic
concept of the present invention is to extend information stored in a
non-volatile memory by at least one checking bit. The checking bit is
allocated to one code bit, or to each of a plurality of code bits.