A structure of a data frame for transmitting data via a relay, and a transmission apparatus and a relay using the data frame are provided. The relay includes: a receiver to receive, from a transmission apparatus, first radio resource allocation information with respect to a first radio resource and second radio resource allocation information with respect to a second radio resource, and to receive first data from the transmission apparatus using the first radio resource allocation information; and a transmitter to transmit the received first data to a receiving apparatus using the second radio resource allocation information.