An editing process for an explanatory model includes a step for producing the explanatory model in the form of a set of rules. The rules are represented by logical combinations of elementary premises, each elementary premise including a restriction of the field of the variable. The rules are also represented by a logical combination of elementary conclusions, each elementary conclusion also including a restriction of the field of a variable. The process also includes a step for modifying at least a part of the initial rules, to determine a new explanatory model. The step for modifying the rules includes modifying the restrictions of the field of the variables, and calculating the quality indicators for the rule by applying the modified set of rules to a data source called the examples basis.