A method for improving the seismic resolution in the field of petroleum exploration and development, using the steps of: (1) ensuring the depth and the velocity of the low-velocity layer and the high-velocity layer and the characteristic of the frequency spectrum of the seismic wave at the near-surface using the borehole seismic survey; (2) separating the ghost wave from the seismic record in the high-velocity layer using the processing method of the vertical seismic profiling, and improving the SNR of the seismic record of the direct wave at the high-velocity layer using the uphole stacking of the vertical seismic profiling; (3) evaluating the de-convolution operator of the near-surface by the convolution math-physics equation; (4) evaluating the seismic record with high resolution by the de-convolution math-physics equation; (5) providing the band-pass filtering and geologic interpretation to the seismic record with high resolution. Using this method, the apparent dominant frequency may reach 200 Hz and higher, the vertical seismic resolution is improved, and the problem of recognizing the thin layer by the present seismic exploration is resolved.