A method of placing and routing an integrated circuit design includes generating an initial placement and routing for at least a portion of an integrated circuit design. The initial placement and routing of the integrated circuit design is analyzed to find a critical location and is partitioned into a series of nested shells. Each shell surrounds the critical location and each preceding shell. An ordering of the shells and at least one of a timing constraint and an area constraint are selected for each shell. Each shell is placed and routed in the order selected according to the timing constraint and area constraint.