A hologram recording apparatus includes a laser light source for emitting laser light, a light splitter for splitting the laser light emitted from the laser light source into a signal beam and a reference beam, a light modulator for modulating the signal beam split by the light splitter, a phase modulator for phase-modulating the reference beam split by the light splitter, an optical system for collecting the signal beam modulated by the light modulator and the reference beam phase-modulated by the phase modulator onto almost the same collecting position on a hologram recording medium, a collecting-position control mechanism for controlling the collecting position along a surface of the hologram recording medium, and a distance control mechanism for controlling the distance between the phase modulator and the hologram recording medium.