Provided are a phantom for standardizing ultrasonograph and a method of obtaining an ultrasonographic image using the phantom, and more particularly, a phantom for measuring fat content in a target organ as a gray level distribution using an ultrasonographic image and assessing the accuracy of ultrasonograph and a method and apparatus for obtaining a standardized ultrasonographic image using the phantom. Since the photographing characteristics of the ultrasonograph are readjusted using a phantom which comprises a phantom part including a strong ultrasonic echo material and a weak ultrasonic echo material, which create a gray level distribution in ultrasonography, in a specific composition and ratio, and assesses the accuracy of the ultrasonograph by comparing the composition and ratio of the materials with a composition and ratio of a gray level in an ultrasonographic image, the characteristics of the ultrasonograph can be standardized and fat content in a body part can be quantitatively measured without being affected by photographing techniques and conditions.