Disclosed is a composition containing an extract of Rubi Fructus for preventing and treating anxiety, depression and dementia and improving memory. The composition can be used as drugs and dietary supplements which induce prophylactic and therapeutic effects on anxiety, depression and dementia as well as memory-improving effect in the modems afflicted with the modification of neurotransmitter releases and brain damage caused by external environmental factors including various kinds of stresses, menopause, drinking alcohols, smoking cigarettes and others.