A computer file naming technique employs content-specific filenames (CSFN's) that represent globally-unique identifiers for the contents of a file. Since file references incorporating the CSFN's are not location-specific, they offer unique advantages in the areas of file caching and file installation. Particularly, web browsers enabled to recognize CSFN's inherently verify the content of files when they are retrieved from a local cache, eliminating the need for comparison of file data or time stamps of the cached file copy and the server copy. Thus, file verification occurs solely in the local context. The invention includes caching and software installation systems that incorporate the benefits of CSFN's.