The invention relates to Purine Compounds; compositions comprising an effective amount of a Purine Compound; and methods for reducing a subject's rate of metabolism or protecting a subject's heart against myocardial damage during cardioplegia; or for treating or preventing a cardiovascular disease, a neurological disorder, an ischemic condition, a reperfusion injury, obesity, a wasting disease, diabetes, a cellular proliferative disorder, a skin disorder, a radiation-induced injury, a wound or an inflammatory disease comprising administering an effective amount of a Purine Compound to a subject in need thereof.