Compounds effective as IP receptor modulators, particularly IP receptor antagonists, that are of the formula I: ##STR00001## wherein A, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are as defined in the specification; and individual isomers, racemic or non-racemic mixtures of isomers, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and methods for their use as therapeutic agents.

 
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> Protection of endogenous therapeutic peptides from peptidase activity through conjugation to blood components

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