Polysaccharides and oligosaccharides having activity of binding to different proliferation factors and neurite outgrowth-promoting activity and compositions for neurological disease treatment, compositions for inflammatory disease treatment, or compositions for wound treatment, which comprise such polysaccharides and oligosaccharides, are provided. Chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate hybrid chains, chondroitin sulfate C, and oligosaccharides derived from either thereof are provided.