The invention includes a prosthesis with improved abrasive wear, comprising a composite material. The composite material may comprise an abrasive or superabrasive material dispersed in a continuous matrix of another material. The prosthesis may be formed partially or entirely of composite material, or may be coated with composite material on one or more surfaces. Embodiments include prosthetic joints and articulation surfaces comprising a composite material. Additional embodiments include methods of making a prosthesis comprising a composite material.