A pre-fabricated electrochemical device having a dense electrolyte
disposed between an anode and a cathode preferably deposited as thin
films is bonded to a porous electrically conductive support. A second
porous electrically conductive support may be bonded to a counter
electrode of the electrochemical device. Multiple electrochemical devices
may be bonded in parallel to a single porous support, such as a
perforated sheet to provide a planar array. Planar arrays may be arranged
in a stacked interconnected array. A method of making a supported
electrochemical device is disclosed wherein the method includes a step of
bonding a pre-fabricated electrochemical device layer to an existing
porous metal or porous metal alloy layer.