The present invention provides inexpensively an article with a hard coat excellent in anti-staining property, lubricity, scratch resistance and abrasion resistance. The present invention also provides a method for forming the hard coat. A hard coat agent composition comprising a curable silicon compound (a hydrolysis-polymerizable silicon compound and/or a condensation compound thereof, or a silazane compound) is applied onto a surface of an article (1) to be hard-coat-treated, thereby forming a hard coat agent composition layer, a surface material layer is formed by film-forming with an anti-staining and/or lubricating functional material that comprises a silicon compound (a silane coupling agent or a silazane compound) on a surface of the hard coat agent composition layer, and the formed hard coat agent composition layer and surface material layer are heated so as to cure the both layers simultaneously, thereby forming a hard coat layer (2) contacting the surface of the article (1) and an anti-staining surface layer (3) contacting the surface of the hard coat layer (2).

 
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> Phospholipases, nucleic acids encoding them and methods for making and using them

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