Disclosed is a non-volatile memory device and a method of programming the same. The non-volatile memory device is programmed by applying a wordline voltage, a bitline voltage, and a bulk voltage to memory cells within the device. During a programming operation for the device, the bulk voltage is generated by a first pump. However, where the bulk voltage exceeds a predetermined detection voltage, a second pump is further activated in order to lower the bulk voltage.

 
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> Method of manufacturing ferroelectric substance thin film and ferroelectric memory using the ferroelectric substance thin film

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