Methods and apparatus for color correction of color image data obtained by an electronic camera determine a correction to data representative of the color image based upon an estimated illuminant using a neural network, multilayer perceptron models and/or coactive neuro-fuzzy inference system models, and apply the correction to the data representative of the color image. Data representative of the color corrected data may be recorded or transmitted. A method of recording image data obtained by an electronic camera captures a color image, generates data representative of the image, estimates an illuminant for the captured color image, generates data representative of the estimated illuminant and records the data representative of the image with the data representative of the estimated illuminant. A method of transmitting image data obtained by an electronic camera captures a color image, generates data representative of the image, estimates an illuminant for the captured color image, generates data representative of the estimated illuminant and transmits the data representative of the image with the data representative of the estimated illuminant.