The present invention relates to a golf data management system that stores and manages golf score data, and to a data center and a golf data management method. This golf data management system includes a portable communication terminal that is carried by a player and a data center connected to the portable communication terminal via a communication network. The data center includes: an individual data storage unit that stores and manages play data supplied from the portable communication unit and practice data supplied from a practice data processing unit; a group data storage unit that manages performances of a group of accompanying players; and a common data storage unit that stores course map data of a plurality of golf courses. In response to an advice request containing measurement data obtained by a measuring unit in the portable communication terminal, the data center provides advice for each individual player based on the data stored in the individual data storage unit.