A laminated perpendicular magnetic recording medium comprises a non-magnetic substrate and at least a pair of polycrystalline, vertically stacked, spaced-apart perpendicular magnetic layers supported thereon, wherein each of the magnetic layers has substantially the same preferred out-of-plane crystal growth orientation and the grains of at least two of the magnetic layers are vertically uncorrelated with each other.

 
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> Thickness measuring apparatus and method using a microwave cavity resonator

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