A lithographic apparatus includes a source for generating radiation bursts with a predetermined frequency, an illumination system for conditioning the radiation, a patterning device for patterning the radiation, and a projection system for projecting the patterned radiation onto a substrate. The illumination system includes a debris mitigating system for mitigating debris particles released with the generation of the radiation. The debris mitigating system is arranged to apply on the basis of the predetermined frequency a dynamically applicable condition to which the debris particles are exposed.