Multi-layer reaction mixtures that includes exothermic generating
particles having a water soluble coating encasing a portion of the
particles, a volatile component and, optionally, a buffer, an aqueous
solution or both. At least two layers of the reaction mixture contain
exothermic generating particles and at least one layer of the reaction
mixture contains a portion of the exothermic generating particles
suspended in a gel that includes the water soluble coating. These
multi-layer reaction mixtures are especially suited to generate heat in a
controllable manner. In one such controlled reaction, the reaction
components are mixed together and the reaction mixture increases in
temperature to a Set Temperature within a predetermined time, and the
mixture remains at the Set Temperature for a longer period of time. In
this manner, volatile components can be controllably released to the
surrounding environment. The volatile components can be, for example, a
perfume, a fragrance, an insect repellent, a fumigant, a disinfectant, a
bactericide, an insecticide, a pesticide, a germicide, an acaricide, a
sterilizer, a deodorizer, a fogging agent and mixtures of these.
Apparatuses and methods that use these multi-layer reaction mixtures are
also disclosed.