Methods for detecting and treating a female reproductive tract disorder relate to the discovery that IL-13 and IL-15 are differentially expressed in biological samples from subjects suffering from a reproductive tract disorder compared to samples from healthy subjects. A female reproductive tract disorder is detected by providing a biological sample derived from the subject; analyzing the expression of IL-13 and/or IL-15 in the sample; and correlating the expression of the cytokine with the presence or absence of the female reproductive tract disorder in the subject. Cytokine expression is modulated in female reproductive tract tissue by contacting the tissue with an agent that modulates expression of IL-13 and/or IL-15 in the tissue.