In an electro-rheological composition comprising an electrical insulating medium
and solid particles dispersed therein, insulating solid particles possessed of
morphological anisotropy are used as the solid particles. In a preferred embodiment,
the insulating solid particles mentioned above are plate-like insulating solid
particles, preferably plate-like insulating solid particles having a diameter (particle
diameter) not less than 1 m, more preferably plate-like aluminum oxide particles
having a diameter not less than 1 m. In another preferred embodiment, the
insulating solid particles which have undergone a surface treatment with organic
molecules or a semiconducting inorganic material, particularly the insulating solid
particles having a metal oxide such as tin oxide and titanium oxide adhered to
the surfaces thereof are used as the particles. Still another preferred embodiment
is the ER composition of which electrical insulating medium is gelled.