The invention concerns an aqueous dispersion of viscous silicone oils capable of being crosslinked into an elastomer by water elimination (condensation). The invention aims at obtaining an aqueous silicone dispersion corresponding to an optimal compromise in terms of adherence of the crosslinked elastomer on all types of supports, and the colloidal stability of the dispersion during preparation and storage. Said aqueous dispersion comprises a viscous silicone oil A, optionally a crosslinking agent B, optionally an adhesion promoter C (silane), a filler D, a catalyst E, an emulsifier F, optionally a functional additive G and water. Said dispersion is characterised in that the filler D is input into the process for obtaining the dispersion, in the form of an aqueous suspension of at least a hydrophilic compound (CaCO3SiO2, TiO2, Al2/H2O, organic polymer latex). The invention also concerns the preparation of said particularly stable dispersion since it has a residual emulsion rate T not less than 70%. The invention is useful for producing concentrated sealants and elastomer coating for insulating polymer foam (polyurethane).