Provided is a method for a network adaptive error control for selecting an appropriate error control method according to the statue of a network, in transmitting a fax data over the Internet by using a T.38 protocol. The provided method includes receiving a T.38 fax data to recognize errors, transmitting a predetermined statistical information on the T.38 fax data to the media gateway controllers, selecting an error control method by determining the status of a network over which the T.38 fax data is transmitted, based on the statistical information, transmitting the error control method to the gateway that transmits the T.38 fax data, and renewing an existing error control method by receiving the error control method and transmitting the T.38 fax data according to the renewed error control method. According to the provided method, an appropriate error control method can be used according to the status of a network in real time, in transmitting a fax data over the Internet. Therefore, the performance of an error control improves, thereby securing a stable communication and improving a transmission speed. As a result, a communication speed increases so that transmission efficiency improves.